Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth

James A. Estes; John Terborgh; Justin S. Brashares; Mary E. Power; Joel Berger; William J. Bond; Stephen R. Carpenter; Timothy E. Essington; Robert D. Holt; Jeremy B. C. Jackson; Robert J. Marquis; Lauri Oksanen; Tarja Oksanen; Robert T. Paine; Ellen K. Pikitch; William J. Ripple; Stuart A. Sandin; Marten Scheffer; Thomas W. Schoener; Jonathan B. Shurin; Anthony R. E. Sinclair; Michael E. Soulé; Risto Virtanen; David A. Wardle

doi:10.1126/science.1205106

Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth

James A. Estes
, John Terborgh
, Justin S. Brashares
, Mary E. Power
, Joel Berger
, William J. Bond
, Stephen R. Carpenter
, Timothy E. Essington
, Robert D. Holt
, Jeremy B. C. Jackson
, Robert J. Marquis
, Lauri Oksanen
, Tarja Oksanen
, Robert T. Paine
, Ellen K. Pikitch
, William J. Ripple
, Stuart A. Sandin
, Marten Scheffer
, Thomas W. Schoener
, Jonathan B. Shurin

Anthony R. E. Sinclair, Michael E. Soulé, Risto Virtanen, David A. Wardle

University of Missouri-St. Louis

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Original language	American English
Journal	Science
Volume	333
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1205106
State	Published - Jul 15 2011

Disciplines

Biogeochemistry
Biodiversity
Biology

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Estes, J. A., Terborgh, J., Brashares, J. S., Power, M. E., Berger, J., Bond, W. J., Carpenter, S. R., Essington, T. E., Holt, R. D., Jackson, J. B. C., Marquis, R. J., Oksanen, L., Oksanen, T., Paine, R. T., Pikitch, E. K., Ripple, W. J., Sandin, S. A., Scheffer, M., Schoener, T. W., ... Wardle, D. A. (2011). Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth. Science, 333. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1205106

Estes, JA, Terborgh, J, Brashares, JS, Power, ME, Berger, J, Bond, WJ, Carpenter, SR, Essington, TE, Holt, RD, Jackson, JBC, Marquis, RJ, Oksanen, L, Oksanen, T, Paine, RT, Pikitch, EK, Ripple, WJ, Sandin, SA, Scheffer, M, Schoener, TW, Shurin, JB, Sinclair, ARE, Soulé, ME, Virtanen, R & Wardle, DA 2011, 'Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth', Science, vol. 333. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1205106

@article{1a69884f23614d9c8f77d271a49e3a3f,

title = "Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth",

author = "Estes, \{James A.\} and John Terborgh and Brashares, \{Justin S.\} and Power, \{Mary E.\} and Joel Berger and Bond, \{William J.\} and Carpenter, \{Stephen R.\} and Essington, \{Timothy E.\} and Holt, \{Robert D.\} and Jackson, \{Jeremy B. C.\} and Marquis, \{Robert J.\} and Lauri Oksanen and Tarja Oksanen and Paine, \{Robert T.\} and Pikitch, \{Ellen K.\} and Ripple, \{William J.\} and Sandin, \{Stuart A.\} and Marten Scheffer and Schoener, \{Thomas W.\} and Shurin, \{Jonathan B.\} and Sinclair, \{Anthony R. E.\} and Soul{\'e}, \{Michael E.\} and Risto Virtanen and Wardle, \{David A.\}",

note = "Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind's most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cascading effects of their disappearance in marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems worldwide.",

year = "2011",

month = jul,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1126/science.1205106",

language = "American English",

volume = "333",

journal = "Science",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth

AU - Estes, James A.

AU - Terborgh, John

AU - Brashares, Justin S.

AU - Power, Mary E.

AU - Berger, Joel

AU - Bond, William J.

AU - Carpenter, Stephen R.

AU - Essington, Timothy E.

AU - Holt, Robert D.

AU - Jackson, Jeremy B. C.

AU - Marquis, Robert J.

AU - Oksanen, Lauri

AU - Oksanen, Tarja

AU - Paine, Robert T.

AU - Pikitch, Ellen K.

AU - Ripple, William J.

AU - Sandin, Stuart A.

AU - Scheffer, Marten

AU - Schoener, Thomas W.

AU - Shurin, Jonathan B.

AU - Sinclair, Anthony R. E.

AU - Soulé, Michael E.

AU - Virtanen, Risto

AU - Wardle, David A.

N1 - Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind's most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cascading effects of their disappearance in marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems worldwide.

PY - 2011/7/15

Y1 - 2011/7/15

UR - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/333/6040/301.full.pdf

U2 - 10.1126/science.1205106

DO - 10.1126/science.1205106

M3 - Article

VL - 333

JO - Science

JF - Science

ER -

Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth

Disciplines

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