Apparent competition and native consumers exacerbate the strong competitive effect of an exotic plant species

John L. Orrock; Humberto de Paula Dutra; Robert Marquis; Nicholas A. Barber

doi:10.1890/14-0732.1

Apparent competition and native consumers exacerbate the strong competitive effect of an exotic plant species

John L. Orrock, Humberto de Paula Dutra, Robert Marquis, Nicholas A. Barber

University of Missouri-St. Louis

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

<div class="line" id="line-15"> Direct and indirect effects can play a key role in invasions, but experiments evaluating both are rare. We examined the roles of direct competition and apparent competition by exotic Amur honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii  ) by manipulating (1)  L. maackii  vegetation, (2) presence of  L. maackii  fruits, and (3) access to plants by small mammals and deer. Direct competition with  L. maackii  reduced the abundance and richness of native and exotic species, and native consumers significantly reduced the abundance and richness of native species. Although effects of direct competition and consumption were more pervasive, richness of native plants was also reduced through apparent competition, as small&hyphen;mammal consumers reduced richness only when  L. maackii  fruits were present. Our experiment reveals the multiple, interactive pathways that affect the success and impact of an invasive exotic plant: exotic plants may directly benefit from reduced attack by native consumers, may directly exert strong competitive effects on native plants, and may also benefit from apparent competition. </div>

Original language	American English
Journal	Ecology
Volume	96
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0732.1
State	Published - Apr 2015

Disciplines

Life Sciences

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Cite this

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title = "Apparent competition and native consumers exacerbate the strong competitive effect of an exotic plant species",

abstract = " Direct and indirect effects can play a key role in invasions, but experiments evaluating both are rare. We examined the roles of direct competition and apparent competition by exotic Amur honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii  ) by manipulating (1)  L. maackii  vegetation, (2) presence of  L. maackii  fruits, and (3) access to plants by small mammals and deer. Direct competition with  L. maackii  reduced the abundance and richness of native and exotic species, and native consumers significantly reduced the abundance and richness of native species. Although effects of direct competition and consumption were more pervasive, richness of native plants was also reduced through apparent competition, as small&hyphen;mammal consumers reduced richness only when  L. maackii  fruits were present. Our experiment reveals the multiple, interactive pathways that affect the success and impact of an invasive exotic plant: exotic plants may directly benefit from reduced attack by native consumers, may directly exert strong competitive effects on native plants, and may also benefit from apparent competition. ",

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T1 - Apparent competition and native consumers exacerbate the strong competitive effect of an exotic plant species

AU - Orrock, John L.

AU - Dutra, Humberto de Paula

AU - Marquis, Robert

AU - Barber, Nicholas A.

PY - 2015/4

Y1 - 2015/4

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AB - Direct and indirect effects can play a key role in invasions, but experiments evaluating both are rare. We examined the roles of direct competition and apparent competition by exotic Amur honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii  ) by manipulating (1)  L. maackii  vegetation, (2) presence of  L. maackii  fruits, and (3) access to plants by small mammals and deer. Direct competition with  L. maackii  reduced the abundance and richness of native and exotic species, and native consumers significantly reduced the abundance and richness of native species. Although effects of direct competition and consumption were more pervasive, richness of native plants was also reduced through apparent competition, as small&hyphen;mammal consumers reduced richness only when  L. maackii  fruits were present. Our experiment reveals the multiple, interactive pathways that affect the success and impact of an invasive exotic plant: exotic plants may directly benefit from reduced attack by native consumers, may directly exert strong competitive effects on native plants, and may also benefit from apparent competition.

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